CAR-T Monitoring
Molecular and cellular follow-up after treatment
Close follow-up of patients after CAR-T cell infusion is vital for evaluating treatment effectiveness and detecting potential complications early. CAR-T monitoring tracks the persistence of the CAR transgene, the status of target cells and the level of minimal residual disease (MRD) using molecular and cellular methods.
Monitoring enables objective measurement of treatment response, early prediction of relapse risk and data-driven clinical decisions.
CAR Transgene Persistence and B-Cell Aplasia
- CAR transgene detection (qPCR): Quantitative measurement of CAR-T cell persistence and expansion in blood.
- Flow cytometry: Determining the percentage and phenotype of CAR-expressing T cells.
- B-cell aplasia monitoring: Tracking CD19+ B-cell count — an indicator of CAR-T activity.
Minimal Residual Disease (MRD)
- Flow cytometric MRD: Detection of leukemia/lymphoma cells at very low levels.
- NGS-based MRD (clonotype analysis): Highly sensitive tracking of B-cell receptor (IgH) and T-cell receptor clonotypes.
- MRD negativity: A strong predictor of deep response and long-term remission.
Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS) and ICANS Monitoring
Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS) and Immune Effector Cell-Associated Neurotoxicity Syndrome (ICANS), the most common post-CAR-T side effects, are monitored clinically. Biomarkers such as IL-6, ferritin and CRP are used to assess disease severity and response to treatment.
Monitoring Timepoints
Early assessment
CAR transgene and cytokine level check
Response assessment
MRD and B-cell aplasia monitoring
First remission check
Comprehensive MRD assessment
Long-term follow-up
Relapse risk monitoring
Learn about CAR-T monitoring
Plan your post-treatment follow-up protocol with our expert team.